The PARTNER Study, a multisite European study, evaluated rates of HIV transmissions within serodifferent heterosexual and MSM couples (n = 548 and n = 340, respectively, contributed eligible data). The HIV-positive partners were on ART with HIV RNA levels of <200 copies/mL, and the couples engaged in ongoing condomless sex (vaginal and/or anal) during a median of 1.3 years per couple (1,238 "couple years"). It was noted that 33% of HIV-negative MSM had outside partners, compared with 4% of HIV-negative heterosexual subjects).

With HIV and drug addiction, we often focus on injection drug use (IDU) as a risk factor for HIV transmission. Only 2.6% of the country’s population over the age of 13 reports having injected drugs at some point during their lives¹. Approximately10% of new HIV infections occur through shared injection equipment². 22% of people with HIV were infected through IDU.³ These numbers do not account for people who use non-injection drugs, who experience HIV prevalence similar to that of people who inject drugs.⁴

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) may cause decreases in bone mineral density (BMD). In both HIV-infected patients treated with TDF-containing ARV regimens, and in HIV-uninfected persons who use it for PrEP.

I have been working on website accessibility for many years in my role as Production Manager at the UCSF Center for HIV Information. Despite that experience, I still encounter problems that confound me. I recently reached out to an accessibility expert for ideas on how to manage a particularly difficult compliance problem.