The guidelines address the following opportunistic infections: PCP, Toxo, Cryptosporidia, Microsporidia, TB, MAC, Bacterial Respiratory Disease, Bacterial Enteric Disease, Bartonella, Syphilis, Candida, Endemic Mycoses (Cryptococcosis, Histo, Cocci, Aspergillus) CMV, Non-CMV Herpes (HSV, VZV, HHV-8) HPV, HBV, HCV, PML/JCV, and Geographic OIs of Specific Consideration (Malaria, Penicilliosis, Leishmania, Chagas, Isospora).
Recommendations in this report cover:
- Preventing exposure to opportunistic pathogens;
- Preventing disease;
- Discontinuing primary prophylaxis after immune reconstitution;
- Treating disease;
- When to start ART in the setting of an acute OI;
- Monitoring for adverse effects (including immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome [IRIS]);
- Managing treatment failure;
- Preventing disease recurrence ("secondary prophylaxis" or chronic maintenance therapy);
- Discontinuing secondary prophylaxis after immune reconstitution; and
- Special considerations during pregnancy.
Slide sets to accompany the guidelines are available from the National Coordinating Resource Center.
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